Frequency control of microgrids by demand response

This paper investigates the use of electricity demand response as a new measure for fast reserves inside of an autonomous (islanded) microgrid during different operating conditions including frequency controlled disturbance and normal ones. It is worth noting that demand response programs using under-frequency relays to shed the loads is used in the past, but these programs have, however, mainly focused on large-size industrial loads. This paper proposes novel approaches to stabilize the frequency in normal and emergency conditions based on the new bilateral communicating infrastructure within a microgrid. Demand reserves are used based on a pre-scheduled scenario instead of shedding loads or applying generation resources, hence the ease and priority of the customers are guaranteed and full exploitation of generating resources are provided.