The role of fast charging stations for electric vehicles in the integration and optimization of distribution grid with renewable energy sources

In the next 20 years the number of electric vehicles (EV) will exponentially increase. That will be mostly due to governments and car manufacturers which are coordinating the effort to reduce urban pollution and greenhouse gas emission. The energy required for charging EV usually recovering in private parking places for many hours, will be mainly provided through smart charging boxes (“wall box”) managed by the (smart) grid control system of the LV network. In all other cases, EVs will be charged in fast charging stations or battery swap stations connected to the MV network. Such charging stations require high power during the day, especially when the network could be overloaded, hence there is the need to model the impact on the grid. This paper investigates the possibility to use storages to shave peak power demand due to FC stations and the possibility to use these storages to provide additional network services, included the optimization of intermittent-not-programmable energy sources, such as renewable energy.