Title :
Structure and properties of proton exchange waveguides on Z cut of lithium niobate crystal fabricated in molten benzoic acid with the addition of lithium benzoate
Author :
Kichigin, Vladimir I. ; Petukhov, Igor V. ; Mushinsky, Sergey S. ; Oborin, Vladimir A. ; Minkin, Aleksandr M. ; Malinina, Lyudmila N. ; Shevtsov, Denis I. ; Volyntsev, Anatoly B.
Author_Institution :
Perm State Nat. Res. Univ., Perm, Russia
Abstract :
Methods of chemical etching, non-contact profilometry, X-ray analysis and mode spectroscopy enabled to find out that proton exchange channel waveguides formed on Z cut of lithium niobate crystal in the molten benzoic acid with the addition of 3 mol.% of lithium benzoate at the temperature of 225°C were composed of κ2-phase and a thin layer of α-phase. Proton exchange on +Z and -Z faces of the lithium niobate crystal in benzoic acid (with or without the addition of lithium benzoate) occurs at the same rate.
Keywords :
X-ray spectra; etching; ion exchange; lithium compounds; optical fabrication; optical waveguides; α-phase; κ2-phase; +Z faces; -Z faces; LiNbO3; X-ray analysis; Z cut lithium niobate crystal; chemical etching; lithium benzoate addition; mode spectroscopy; molten benzoic acid; noncontact profilometry; proton exchange channel waveguides; structural properties; temperature 225 degC; Chemicals; Crystals; Educational institutions; Etching; Lithium niobate; Optical waveguides; Protons; Lithium niobate; chemical etching; proton exchange;
Conference_Titel :
Micro/Nanotechnologies and Electron Devices (EDM), 2012 IEEE 13th International Conference and Seminar of Young Specialists on
Conference_Location :
Erlagol, Altai
Print_ISBN :
978-1-4673-2517-2
DOI :
10.1109/EDM.2012.6310225
