An efficient control oriented modeling approach for Lithium ion cells

Lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries are the current preferred choice for electric vehicles. However the behavior of Li-ion batteries is complex. In order to safely exploit their advantages, advanced model-based Battery Management systems are required. This paper introduces a computationally efficient, control oriented modeling approach of a Li-ion cell. The model captures the spatial nature of the dynamics of the cell in a computationally efficient way. The enabling factor is to explicitly take advantage of the algebraic structure that arises from the distributed nature of the model. This yields an efficient simulation tool and a closed-form state space model that can be employed for control system design purposes. The proposed model is validated against a complete CFD model.