Accurate and stable solution of TD-MFIE using adaptive MOD method for transient scattering illuminated by an EMP

An accurate and stable marching-on-in-degree method (MOD) to solve time-domain magnetic field integral equations (TD-MFIE) is proposed for capturing transient responses of 3-D PEC objects illuminated by an EMP. We directly employ an exact temporal Galerkin testing with no central approximation used, and using a radial integration scheme for near-hypersingular potential integrals. This method is similar to the improvement over the earlier MOD for solving time-domain magnetic field integral equation. Transient electromagnetic responses of some typical conductive objects are obtained and compared for validating both computational accuracy and stability of our proposed TD-MFIE-MOD algorithm.