MLD-based predictive control of energy management for hybrid electric bus

In this paper, the energy management strategy of HEB (hybrid electric bus) is designed based on MLD (Mixed Logical Dynamical) model. After establishing simplified models of vehicle´s fuel consumption and battery´s SOC(state of charge) change, the dynamics of the HEB are analyzed in each operating modes and associated MLD models are formulated. Then the problem of solving the energy management strategy is turned into a MILP (mixed integer linear programming) problem and real-time HEB energy management strategy is gotten by solving the MILP problem. Meanwhile, a receding-horizon strategy is employed to resist random disturbances and make up model mismatches. The simulations show that the presented approach improved fuel economy and reduced emissions.