Keeping track of position and cell residual dwell time of cellular networks using HSMM structure and Cell-ID information

High performance of Cell-ID localization depends on the effective system to process Cell-ID information where an efficient Cell-ID information exchanging way is crucial. However, in some applications, classical Cell-ID positioning algorithm (yellow pages) cannot meet the accuracy requirements and support some specific functions, i.e. cell residual dwell time estimation. To solve these two problems, a novel Cell-ID localization algorithm based on hidden semi-Markov model (HSMM) is proposed here. First, instead of building localization decision only on the serving station, all the Cell-IDs detected by mobile nodes are utilized. Second, it gets the positioning results by maximum a posteriori estimation criterion via HSMM This algorithm, as supported by simulation results, shows two main features: (a) a superior positioning accuracy of 455 m compared with the classical Cell-ID approach on average; (b) a new function of estimating the cell residual dwell time.