Designing an arbitrary tilt angle of dual-beam pattern by using Genetic Algorithm

In recent years, many different types of radiation patterns in vertical-plane of the base station antenna in a high-rise community, such as urban areas, are increasingly being demanded. For example, designing a tilt angle of a main beam pattern, suppressing a side-lobe pattern to low level, having a null-fill radiation pattern, having a dual-beam radiation pattern which covers both the upper floors and lower floors of a high-rise building, and other requests, are required for the different situations, respectively. The radiation pattern of an array antenna is designed by configuring the number of antenna elements, the phase of each element, and the amplitude of each element. Because the radiation pattern depends on each parameter, it´s not easy to design the pattern by experience. Therefore, several methods for optimization of parameters are studied, for example, Genetic Algorithm (GA).