Adaptive Finite Element Analysis in the Application of Electromagnetic Mechanics

In real application, many important physical phenomena are sufficiently localized that adaptive finite element analysis methods are necessary. In the numerical solution of practical problems in engineering and physics such as in electromagnetic mechanics, the overall accuracy of numerical approximations often deteriorates due to local singularities like those arising from re-entrant corners of domains, interior or boundary layers, and sharp moving fronts. An obvious strategy is to refine the grids near these critical regions, i.e., to insert more grid points where the singularities occur. In this way it is possible to evaluate the force components acting on the particles.