Accurate endocardial activation representation of atria by noncontact mapping

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart rhythm disturbance. Percutaneous catheter ablation has been less defined for patients with persistent AF (PeAF) even with optimally combined ablation approaches. The fundamental reason behind that is lack of knowledge on functional and anatomic substrates of PeAF and effective electrical mapping tools. To address this, our group aims to develop a novel high resolution noncontact multi-electrode array (MEA) mapping system that could map electrical activation in two atrial chambers simultaneously. Here, in this study, we explore the relationship between the electrical potentials recorded by MEA and actual ones at atrial endocardial surfaces by solving forward and inverse problems in a nutshell. Our results demonstrate that the potential-based forward/inverse method provides robust electrical transformation between MEAs and smoothed atrial anatomical structure.