Design of new spoke type brushless DC motor for neodymium permanent magnet free

This paper proposes a new design for a spoke-type brushless DC (BLDC) motor that does not require the use of a neodymium permanent magnet (Nd-PM). Recently, there has been a steep hike in the price of Nd-PM. In particular, the motor using in the vehicle is more seriously. Therefore, possible alternatives for Nd-PMs are being explored. In this study, we have proposed the replacement of Nd-PM with a ferrite Permanent Magnet (Fe-PM). The proposed model has an improved output characteristic because it uses the properties of the magnetic flux effect of the spoke-type motor. In addition, this model maximizes the magnetic flux density by using an assistant permanent magnet. The whole procedure system was optimized using a proposed calculation method for improving torque density. Also was verified by using the finite element method (FEM).