Dynamics and modulation characteristics of graphene nanoribbon array lasers

In this work, we present a device model consisting of a three-variable rate equations that takes into account carrier capture and Pauli blocking in semiconductor GNR array lasers in terms of the role of the capture rate and the gain coefficient in GNR array nanolasers. Furthermore, our GNR-array nanolaser device model can be determined to be two distinct two-variable reductions of the rate equations in the limit of large capture rates. The first case leads to the rate equations for quantum well lasers, exhibiting relaxation oscillations dynamics. The second case corresponds to GNRs nearly saturated by the carriers and is characterized by the absence of relaxation oscillations. Our results here demonstrated that GNR-array as gain material embedded into a high finesse microcavity can serve as an ultralow lasing threshold nanolaser with promising applications ranging widely from optical fiber communication with increasing data processing speed to digital optical recording.