On the evaluation of biological effects of wearable antennas on contact with dispersive medium in terms of SAR and bio-heat by using FIT technique

Considerations of biological effects, executed as the bio-heat and bio-thermal simulations, in terms of a specific absorption rate (SAR) and temperature rise in human body tissues for ultra wideband (UWB) wireless body area network (WBAN) applications are studied in this paper. 3D-electromagnetic (EM) simulation software, utilizing finite integration technique (FIT), is used in order to obtain temperatures and power losses by thermal stationary and transient solvers (TSS, TTS) in the vicinity of the modelled dispersive medium. Two different UWB antennas having excellent radiation properties are experimented on contact with tissues. The effect of the antenna input power on the temperature and maximum SARs over 1 g and 10 g averaging masses are evaluated. Obtained results are compared with the restrictions set by the institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (I CNIRP). This paper investigates generally how much power should be fed to the UWB antenna in order to cross the maximum SAR limits in WBANs or in order the antenna start to heat the tissues significantly, both in the stationary conditions and further as the transient solutions.