Modeling of wideband antennas using space-mapping-corrected kriging surrogates

A simple and low-cost methodology for modeling of wideband antennas is discussed. Our approach exploits variable-fidelity electromagnetic (EM) simulations, kriging and space mapping (SM). The initial kriging surrogate created by interpolating densely sampled low-fidelity EM simulations of the antenna structure of interest is further enhanced using SM and a limited amount of high-fidelity simulations. The resulting model is fast, of reasonable accuracy, and it is created at a computational cost that is substantially lower than that of conventional response surface approximation modeling based on direct interpolation of high-fidelity simulation data. Our technique is demonstrated using two examples: a broadband CPW-fed slot antenna and an ultra-wideband monopole antenna.