Gamma distribution based CSMA-CA back-off scheme for multi-hop wireless networks

This paper proposes a novel Carrier Sensing Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA-CA) scheme for multi-hop wireless networks. The proposed protocol provides up to a six-fold delay reduction, up to 20% energy consumption saving and doubles throughput compared with other CSMA-CA protocols, notably those employed in the IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.15.4 standards. These bountiful benefits are engendered by employing an intelligent back-off algorithm which reflects the dynamic characteristics of multi-hop networks. The fundamental principle is to exploit the flexible statistical properties of the Gamma distribution which allow each node to autonomously adjust its back-off and sensing strategy. Collisions are alleviated by introducing an innovate collision resolution algorithm. In terms of practicality, the protocol is lightweight and can be applied to any wireless device as it does not require modification of the physical layer standards.