Novel single-source surface integral equation for broadband RL extraction in 3-D interconnects

The novel single-source surface integral equation has been recently proposed for an accurate extraction of per-unit-length resistance and inductance in 2-D conductors. This work presents a new surface integral equation for RL extraction in 3-D interconnects. The single-conductor example illustrates that the novel formulation exhibits a comparable RL extraction accuracy to traditional volume integral equation in a wide range of frequencies but at a significantly reduced cost.