Developments in Early-Time (E1) High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) Test Methods

This paper describes developments in high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) test methods. More specifically, we describe the most commonly used HEMP test methods and associated measurement systems used to assess systems and equipment to the early-time (E1) effects of HEMP. Short case studies of the application of these test methods are included. Finally, computational electromagnetics (CEM) is a subject that has advanced significantly in recent years. This paper summarizes developments in this area and the supporting role that CEM has when undertaking assessments of the impact of HEMP on systems.