Optimal currents on small antennas using convex optimization

In this paper, it is shown that convex optimization can be used to formulate and solve several fundamental problems in antenna theory. The strategy is based on reformulations of the antenna problem as convex optimization problems, where it is used that the radiated power, stored energy, dissipated power, and radiated field are convex functions in the current density. This leads to a systematic and computational effective formulation for analysis of optimal currents and bounds on e.g., G/Q, Q for superdirective antennas, and Q for prescribed radiation patterns. It also enables analysis of antennas that are embedded in devices.