Characteristic analysis and suppression method study of seismic scattered waves

Generally, seismic waves scatter when they meet a subsurface heterogeneous body, i.e. a scattering source. Currently, scattered imaging technique which regards scattered waves as effective ones has been used in the identification of special geologic bodies such as caves and fractures. However, in the Gobi Desert, gravel areas, mountain front and other surface complex areas, scattered waves affect the quality of seismic data seriously and are often interference waves for seismic field data. Because related researches and practical applications are not still clearly seen at home and abroad, it is necessary to analyze basic characteristics and study denoising methods of scattered waves. Firstly, this paper analyzes the geometric characterization of reflection waves and scattered waves based on the t-x relationship in seismic kinematics. Then, staggered-grid higher order finite difference method is applied to simulate scattered wave field and unilateral hyperbolic Radon transform method is proposed to suppress the scattered wave for a theoretical model. The scattered wave is removed completely except a small amount of residues reflected waves are maintained. Finally, local unilateral hyperbolic Radon transform method is used to remove scattered waves in the real common shot point (CSP) data, the results show that scattered waves obtained effective suppression without any damage to effective waves.