Maximizing the penetration of plug-in electric vehicles in distribution network

The increasing number of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) will post new challenges to the existing power grid, as they as a whole will become a substantially large load to the power grid when they are being charged. In this paper, an algorithm is proposed to maximize the injection of PEVs in distribution networks (DNs) without violating power limitations and causing voltage problems. This method is able to optimally calculate the maximum allowed numbers of PEVs in DNs based on the system parameters and load conditions. Voltage stability index, power supply limits, thermal line limits, and power balance equations are taken into account as the constraints of the optimization algorithm. This method is able to provide a clear reference to distribution network operators (DNO) to manage the charging of the PEVs in DNs.