Intravascular multi-layered glucose sensors for an artificial pancreas

An artificial pancreas has a profound impact on changing the life of patients with Type 1 diabetes (T1D). In spite of the obvious improvements in continuous glucose sensor field, there are still limitations presented such as short life time, existence of lag time, and biocompatibility issues. This paper presents a novel idea of Intravascular Multilayered Glucose Sensor (IMLGS), which is used in the closed loop system of artificial pancreas for T1D patients. This work demonstrates glucose detection directly from the blood using glucose layers made from polyaniline carbon paste (PANI-CPE) crosslinking with a glucose enzyme. The layers of glucose sensors are controlled, and switched from layer to another layer using an algorithm strategy based on calculation of calibration factor. We utilized patient glucose data and criteria of sensor replacement to simulate our proposed idea of IMLGS. Simulation results showed that the total duration time of the glucose sensor occupied approximately 134 days for a five-layer sensor. The simulations also showed that the glucose layer sensor is replaced when the calibration factor exceeds threshold value of 10.8-12.68mg/dlnA^-1.