Slotted dipole microstrip antenna embedded on paper materials for long range communications

Due to the significant limitations of the conventional microstrip antennas which are shown to limit the radiation signals at long range point and narrow bandwidth, a novel slotted dipole element embedded with sustainable and low loss paper materials has been presented in this paper for the first time to be used for long range communications. The loss and bandwidth performances of proposed microstrip antenna designed at C-band (4-8GHz) frequency range have been demonstrated based on sustainable and non-sustainable substrate materials. It has been shown that the sustainable paper based substrate has a lowest return loss of -25.82dB and widest bandwidth of 460MHz as compared to Rogers RT/Duroid 5870 and FR-4. In order to realize a broadband paper based substrate microstrip antenna, slot configurations have been introduced on the surface of the dipole element. It can be observed that there is a trade-off between the return loss and bandwidth performances of the proposed microstrip antenna. Based on the analysis of the proposed microstrip antenna embedded on paper materials, an extensive formulation is established for the expected range for long range communications. A novel algorithm based on Finite Element Method (FEM) is also developed in order to carry out the analysis on the loss and bandwidth characterization of the proposed microstrip antenna. Furthermore, scattering parameter measurements have been performed to verify the analysis from the simulated results.