The effect of time-based demand response program on LDC and reliability of power system

In recent years, the Demand Response (DR) programs have been developed to improve power system operation. If DR programs are implemented successfully, the system operator will meet its goal of reducing the peak load, and the customers will achieve economic benefits. Response of the customers to the DR programs affects the daily load curve. Therefore, the Load Duration Curve (LDC) changes due to the responsiveness of the customers over a year. These changes in LDC can improve the reliability indices of the system. So far, the effects of DR are often investigated over the daily time horizon. In this paper, we comprehensively investigate the effect of several TOU programs on the yearly LDC using an analytical DR model. Simulations are performed on the IEEE 24-bus reliability test system (RTS). In our analysis, the effects of implementing the DR programs on the annual peak, annual energy, load factor, customer´s bill and expected energy not supplied (EENS) as a reliability index, are investigated. According to the results, even the relatively low participation of the customers in DR programs can have considerable effects on the LDC and reliability of the system.