Model of mapping function for the calculation of zenith tropospheric delay

Today the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) are widely used in various fields related to the precise locations of consumers. High demand for these systems and the diversity of their use is a prerequisite for a detailed consideration of issues to increase their accuracy. At this time, there are a large number of high-precision receivers of satellite navigation signals of different systems. However, the dominant factor that makes significant errors in the positioning of objects is the space-time non-uniformity of the electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere, particularly in the troposphere. Since these errors affect the segment, the accuracy of which only affects the quality of the receiving equipment (for example, navigation receivers), it is possible to reduce these errors without resorting to large-scale changes in the entire system of navigation, which is an inexpensive and effective way to increase the accuracy and efficiency all hardware and software. The most convenient and reliable way to account tropospheric error in the calculation of the coordinates of the consumer by pseudo-ranging method is to use the tropospheric model. As a consequence, there was a need to analyze the limitations of existing mathematical models of the troposphere and the proposal of a new model that takes into account regional peculiarities of behavior of the refractive index. There are a number of mathematical models that describe the parameters of the troposphere and according to which the calculations of amendments are performed (for example, Saastamoinen model [1], Hopfield [2] Black, MOPS [3], and others). The main drawback of these models is that they are based on the global distribution of meteorological parameters and do not account for their regional variations.