GaN-based multiple quantum well light-emitting-diodes employing nanotechnology for photon management

Nanostructures have been proved to be an efficient way of modifying/improving the performance of GaN-based light-emitting-diodes (LEDs). The achievements in photon management include strain relaxation, light extraction enhancement, radiation pattern control, and white light devices. In this review we discuss the impact and the underlying physics of applying nanotechnology on LEDs. A variety of nanostructures are introduced as well as the fabrication techniques.