A review on application of monitoring, diagnosis, and fault-tolerant control to wind turbines

Governments across the globe are funding renewable energy initiatives like wind energy to diversify energy resources and promote greater environmental responsibility. Such an opportunity requires state-of-the-art technologies to realize the required levels of efficiency, reliability, and availability in modern wind turbines. Some of the key enabling technologies to ensure reliable and efficient operation of modern wind turbines include advanced health monitoring and diagnosis together with fault-tolerant and optimal control. This paper reviews several aspects of the mentioned technologies in wind turbines. Among them, the main focus is on recent progress in different algorithms/strategies to design Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD) and Fault-Tolerant Control (FTC) systems for wind turbines. In total, more than 40 references (mostly journals, theses, and books) in open literature are compiled to provide an overall picture of historical, current, and future research and development in this new and active investigation area.