Design of efficient Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks optimized by discrete Particle Swarm Optimization

This paper designs Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network (HWSN) with two types of nodes: powerful node and ordinary node. Powerful nodes as Cluster Heads (CHs) communicate directly to the data sink of network, and ordinary nodes sense the desired information and transmit the processed data to powerful nodes. HWSNs have the merits that its heterogeneity improves the network´s lifetime and coverage. This paper focuses on the design of a random network among HWSNs. In the design of a random HWSN, this paper solves it with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) of discrete binary version, i.e. Discrete PSO (DPSO), as an optimization problem of how many powerful and ordinary nodes will combine to minimize the network cost, while guaranteeing a desired coverage during a given period. Simulation result shows the performance of DPSO in solving the defined optimization problem.