Variable Z0 applied to biogeography based optimized multi-stub matching network

Variable Z₀ technology is applied to the problem of designing a multi-stub matching network (MSMN) using Biogeography Based Optimization (BBO). BBO is a newly-proposed stochastic global search and optimization evolutionary algorithm. It will be used to determine the lengths and locations of the stubs in a multi-stub matching network for optimum (minimum) reflection coefficient. Two cases are investigated: in the first case, Z₀ is a fixed user-specified parameter (the traditional methodology), whereas in the second, it is a true variable quantity whose value is determined by the optimization methodology. BBO´s fixed Z₀ results are compared to published data with BBO exhibiting better performance. BBO´s results are improved even more using Variable Z₀ technology.