Calibration of average scattering coefficients of clutter from radar baseband echo

Based on the principle of comparative calibration, he formulation and data processing method for obtaining the backscatter coefficient of radar clutter from the baseband echo and range profile are presented respectively. For fixed and stepped frequency radar, the calibration results before and after coherent integration is compared through simulation. It suggests that the calibration result is almost the same before or after coherent integration and the measurement fluctuation of stepped frequency waveform is smaller than that of fixed frequency waveform. The fluctuation can be reduced by increasing the measured clutter cells. For example, by using radar with higher range resolution, wider beam width or by increasing the platform height for radar. Some explanations are given with respect to the correlation of clutter, number of independent samples as well as data processing gain.