Title :
Quantum Calibration System for Digital Voltmeters at Voltages from 10 nV to 1 kV
Author :
Georgakopoulos, Dimitrios ; Budovsky, Ilya ; Grady, S. ; Hagen, T.
Author_Institution :
Nat. Meas. Inst., West Lindfield, NSW, Australia
Abstract :
We have developed a programmable Josephson voltage standard that can generate voltages up to 20 V with a resolution of 10 nV. The standard has two superconductor-normal metal-superconductor junction arrays connected in series and driven by two radio frequency oscillators. The standard has been integrated into a digital voltmeter calibration system for voltages from 10 nV up to 1000 V. The expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of the system is approximately 10 nV for voltages up to 20 V and 0.9 μV/V in the voltage range from 20 to 1000 V.
Keywords :
calibration; measurement standards; oscillators; superconducting junction devices; voltage measurement; voltmeters; digital voltmeter; programmable Josephson voltage standard; quantum calibration system; radio frequency oscillator; superconductor normal metal-superconductor junction arrays; voltage 10 nV to 1 kV; Calibration; Measurement uncertainty; Semiconductor device measurement; Standards; Uncertainty; Voltage measurement; Voltmeters; Digital voltmeter; Josephson standards; quantum electrical standards; voltage generation;
Journal_Title :
Instrumentation and Measurement, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TIM.2012.2225928
