Non-invasive measurements for shallow depth soil exploration: Development and application of an electromagnetic induction instrument

Sounding with alternating electromagnetic fields has gained a growing attention and a broad usage during the last three decades, including Frequency Domain Electromagnetic Induction (FD-EMI) sounding methods. The development of an instrument is briefly illustrated in this work, and experiences made by using frequency-domain EMI soundings for geophysical applications are shown. The contexts of environmental monitoring and archaeological research are included in the presented case studies, in order to assess the capability of the approach in such operative frameworks.