Large Self-Biased Converse Magnetoelectric Effects in FeSiB/Terfenol-D/Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)-PbTiO3 Composites

Large self-biased converse magnetoelectric effects (CME) are characterized in a multiferroic composite consisting of a magnetostrictive Terfenol-D (Tb_0.3Dy_0.7Fe_1.92) plate, a piezoelectric single crystal 0.67PMN-0.33PT [0.67Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-0.33PbTiO₃] plate and Fe-based amorphous alloy FeSiB foils. For the purpose of dynamic memory-type magnetization switching through electric-field control without bias, an internal magnetic field originating from a spatially varying magnetization in compositionally graded composite of FeSiB/Terfenol-D is obtained to bias the composite. Therefore, the presented composite exhibits hysteretic behaviors of CME responses as a function of magnetic bias field with a large remnant CME coefficient of ±0.038 mGs/V under H_bias =0. Without the magnetic bias, the induced magnetic induction B increases progressively with the applied ac voltage V, and the composite shows an approximately linear relationship between V and B. Furthermore, dynamic memory-type magnetization switching by a smaller applied electric field of 12.5 V/cm between two stable states is realized. Compared with its state-of-the-art counterparts, this compact device has a simpler synthesis process and smaller applied electric fields without bias, which can be used as miniature electric-field controlled magnetoelectric memory devices.