Joint direction-of-arrival and frequency estimation without source enumeration

Joint estimation of the directions-of-arrival (DOAs) and frequencies of multiple signals is addressed in this paper. By constructing a set of joint diagonalization matrices, two cost functions that do not require a priori information of the source number are devised for DOA and frequency estimation in a separate manner. This enables us to estimate DOAs and frequencies via two one-dimensional search steps in their corresponding spatial and frequency domains. Thus, the tremendous two-dimensional search required in the standard approaches can be avoided. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.