Incoherent scattering of normal modes in urban canyon: Theory and measurements

Standard theory of normal mode propagation in a LOS street scenario is extended to include incoherent mode scattering. The addition leads to reduced null depth in predicted locally-averaged path gain consistent with measurements. Resulting predictions show close agreement with measured signal strength. Unlike empirical models, the full 3D field model provides such angular effects as the reduction in angle spread with distance, with all orders of reflection implicitly included.