Laboratory test set-up for the assessment of PMU time synchronization requirements

This paper presents the construction of a Hardware-in-the-loop laboratory test set-up designed to assess the time synchronization requirements of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). The test set-up also allows to investigate the effects of signal phase shifts caused by current and voltage transformers, errors in timing source and the impact of these errors when determining time synchronization compliance of PMUs. The paper also describes the structure of an IRIG-B time-sync real-time implementation, which allowed real-time hardware-in-the-loop simulation by providing a PMU with a high-accuracy timing source.