Supply and demand balance control of power system with renewable energy integration by introducing congestion management

The unstable output of renewable energy sources, such as wind turbines or photovoltaics, causes various issues in power system operation. With a large number of renewable energy sources, it is well known that the supply and demand balance control becomes a difficult issue. In addition, together with the progress of the electric power deregulation, the power flow problem will be more complex and important in the near future. Therefore, it is essential to realize the stable frequency control considering the power flow constraints. Hence, in this paper, we develop a new control mechanism regarding both frequency and power flow constraints. Based on the load frequency control and governor free control, we prepared the basic mechanism of the frequency control. Moreover, based on the demand response concept, we propose a new pricing method by using a formulation as an optimization problem for the purpose of maximizing the social surplus. The proposed method was tested in IEEE 39 bus system and it was shown that it worked properly.