Improving the Performance of a Hybrid Inorganic–Organic Light-Emitting Diode Through Structure Optimization

Significant performance enhancement of a green hybrid inorganic-organic light-emitting diode (HyLED) based on a simplified WO₃/organic layer structure has been achieved through structure optimization. A 20-50 nm as-deposited WO₃ layer allowed for facile hole injection and transport. In the meantime, it had high transparency and good robustness required for efficient and reliable operation of the HyLED. Inserting a 30 nm undoped 4,4 ^´-N,N ^´-dicarbazolebiphenyl (CBP) layer between the WO₃ and emitting layer resulted in a broadened exciton generation zone and improved the brightness by 87.4% at 20 mA/cm². At this injection level, the optimized HyLED reached a luminance of 11642 cd/m² and a current efficiency of 58.2 cd/A, and exhibited good reliability under constant-current stressing.