60-GHz LTCC Wideband Vertical Off-Center Dipole Antenna and Arrays

Wideband 60-GHz vertical off-center dipole antenna and its arrays on low-temperature cofired ceramic substrate are presented in this paper. The dipole antenna is designed using the off-center-fed technology to cover all the four channels defined in 60-GHz standards from 57 to 66 GHz. A 4 × 4 planar array is optimized to achieve a maximum gain of 15.6 dBi at 60 GHz and above 10.2 dBi in the passband, while a beam-steering array is optimized to give a 5-dB measured beamwidth wider than 80° at 60 GHz. Measured results indicate our designs meet the above requirements well and satisfy 60-GHz applications.