Microwave Generation Directly From Microsquare Laser Subject to Optical Injection

Microwave generation based on the nonlinear dynamics of a microsquare laser subject to optical injection is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The nonlinear dynamics are illustrated and analyzed based on the lasing spectra under the optical injection with different detuning frequencies. The microwave signal related to the oscillation of carrier density is directly measured from the electrode of the microsquare laser. The generated microwave power versus the microwave frequency is in agreement with small signal modulation response curve. The results provide a possible approach to the on-chip integrated photonic microwave source.