DocumentCode :
743998
Title :
Statistical Analysis of Refractivity Gradient and 
Parameter in the Gulf Region
Author :
AbouAlmal, Abdulhadi ; Abd-Alhameed, R.A. ; Al-Ansari, Kifah ; AlAhmad, Hussein ; See, C.H. ; Jones, S.M.R. ; Noras, J.M.
Author_Institution :
Antenna & Appl. Electromagn. Res. Group, Bradford Univ., Bradford, UK
Volume :
61
Issue :
12
fYear :
2013
Firstpage :
6250
Lastpage :
6254
Abstract :
In this communication, nine years of local radiosonde meteorological data, from 1997 to 2005, have been used to calculate the vertical refractivity gradient, ΔN, in the lowest atmospheric layer above the ground surface. The values obtained are used to estimate the parameter β0, which represents the probability of non-standard propagation. Hourly, monthly and yearly distributions of ΔN in the first 100 meters above the ground are given. Monthly and yearly variations of the mean of ΔN and β0 are provided and the β0 values are compared with the ITU maps.
Keywords :
electromagnetic wave refraction; refractive index; statistical analysis; β0 parameter; Gulf region; local radiosonde meteorological data; nonstandard propagation; probability; statistical analysis; vertical refractivity gradient; Earth; Meteorology; Ocean temperature; Refractive index; Sea measurements; Sea surface; Temperature measurement; $beta_{0}$ ; Anomalous propagation; atmospheric refraction; refractivity gradient;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
0018-926X
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/TAP.2013.2279999
Filename :
6587501
Link To Document :
