Title :
Integrated LC oscillators for frequency synthesis in wireless applications
Author :
Samori, Carlo ; Levantino, Salvatore ; Lacaita, Andrea L.
Author_Institution :
Politecnico di Milano, Italy
fDate :
5/1/2002 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
This article reviews the achievements in the full integration of low-noise silicon LC oscillators for wireless communications. Trade-offs in the design of the LC tank are discussed, and dominant contributions to phase noise are illustrated. State-of-the-art performance of fully integrated CMOS and bipolar oscillators is reported.
Keywords :
CMOS analogue integrated circuits; bipolar analogue integrated circuits; circuit tuning; phase noise; radiofrequency oscillators; thermal noise; voltage-controlled oscillators; LC tank; Si; VCO; differential pair noise; frequency synthesis; integrated CMOS oscillators; integrated LC oscillators; integrated bipolar oscillators; low-noise silicon LC oscillators; phase noise; thermal noise; wireless applications; wireless communications; 1f noise; CMOS technology; Circuit topology; Frequency synthesizers; Phase locked loops; Phase noise; Signal to noise ratio; Tuning; Voltage; Voltage-controlled oscillators;
Journal_Title :
Communications Magazine, IEEE
