Optimization of electron beam focusing for gated carbon nanotube field emitter arrays

We fabricated gated field emitter arrays with a novel focusing structure of electron beams, where the focusing electrode concentrically surrounded each gate hole. Carbon nanotube emitters were screen printed inside an amorphous-Si concave well far below the gate. It was theoretically and experimentally verified that the concave well structure effectively focused the emitted electron beams to their designated phosphor pixels by modulating focusing gate voltages. For the vacuum packaged field emission displays with the pixel specification fitting high-definition televisions, color reproducibility of approximately 71% was achieved at the brightness of 400 cd/m².