Polarization-Insensitive and Low-Loss 3-D Nanostep Hollow Waveguide for Widely Tunable Photonic Devices

A novel 3-D hollow waveguide (HWG) is proposed and demonstrated to realize low propagation loss and polarization insensitivity for widely tunable and temperature insensitive photonic devices used in future dense wavelength division multiplexing networks. Low polarization dependence and low propagation loss, at the same time, are realizable by optimizing the shape of our 3-D structure. The modeling and experiment of the novel 3-D HWG is presented for low propagation loss and low polarization dependence.