Title :
Charge-Pump Phase-Lock Loops
Author :
Gardner, Floyd M.
Author_Institution :
University Ave., Palo Alto, CA, USA
fDate :
11/1/1980 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
Phase/frequency detectors deliver output in the form of three-state, digital logic. Charge pumps are utilized to convert the timed logic levels into analog quantities for controlling the locked oscillators. This paper analyzes typical charge-pump circuits, identifies salient features, and provides equations and graphs for the design engineer.
Keywords :
PLLs; Phase-locked loop (PLL); Bandwidth; Charge pumps; Circuit analysis; Filters; Logic; Phase frequency detector; Phase locked loops; Stability; Voltage control; Voltage-controlled oscillators;
Journal_Title :
Communications, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TCOM.1980.1094619
