Effects of Nonzero-Centroid and Skewness of Fading Spectrum on Incoherent FSK and DPSK Error Probabilities

The effects of nonzero-centroid and skewness of a fading spectrum are shown to influence the binary error probabilities of incoherent FSK and differentially coherent phase-reversal (DPSK) matched-filter receivers. It is also shown that for incoherent FSK, the skewness or nonzero centroid in the fading spectrum causes different error probabilities for binary signals, resulting in a binary asymmetric channel. The difference in error probabilities for binary signals can be used as a criterion for aligning the transmitter and receiver antennas coupled through a fading channel.