The orbit theory of electrostatic electron cyclotron resonance masers

The orbit theory of the electrostatic electron cyclotron resonance maser (EECRM), which is similar to the orbitron maser, is presented based on models with both circular and noncircular steady-state electron orbits. In contrast to the nonlinear theory of the magnetostatic electron cyclotron resonance maser (MECRM), the concept of converting efficiency is introduced. The efficiencies for TE, TM, and TEM modes are calculated in various cases. Numerical analyses show that in the interaction process the radio-frequency (RF) fields attract energy mainly from the potential energy of electron beams. The nonlinear interaction mechanisms and the effects of some parameters are also studied