Ground Testing of the SNAP 10A/Agena Space System

The SNAP 10A/Agena Space System, developed under the joint direction of the Air Force Systems Division and the Atomic Energy Commission, is described with emphasis on the inter-relationship of the several subsystems and their integration with the Nuclear Power Unit. Development and refinement of the space system design by means of integrated subsystem and system level testing performed on a full-scale functional mockup of the spacecraft and payload is discussed with emphasis on the instrumentation and telemetry subsystems. The method of demonstrating electromagnetic compatibility of the space system is described, both as performed on the functional mockup and the flight vehicle proper. Final pre-flight system testing of the spacecraft, including the payload and payload simulator, up to the time of launch is discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the discovery and resolution of problems that appeared only at the system level of testing and those that were the direct result of the uniqueness of the nuclear reactor payload. Integrating a nuclear power unit into a space vehicle and ground testing of the resultant system presented many typical aerospace system problems, but no truly new ones and certainly no insolvable ones. The technology resulting from the development of the SNAP 10A/Agena system is directly applicable to nuclear space systems in general. Subsequent nuclear power systems can be less experimental in nature and require less complex instrumentation and control, with a corresponding reduction in the complexity and time span of ground testing.