Power-efficient error tolerance in chip multiprocessors

The microprocessor industry is rapidly moving to the use of multicore chips as general-purpose processors. Whereas the current generation of chip multiprocessors (CMPs) target server applications, future desktop processors likely have tens of multithreaded cores on a single die. Various redundant multithreading (RMT) approaches exploit the multithreaded capability of current general-purpose microprocessors. These approaches replicate the entire program, running it as a separate thread using time or space redundancy. This guards the processor core against all errors, including those in combinational logic. Because RMT exploits the existing multithreaded hardware, it requires only a modest amount of additional hardware support for comparing results and, depending on the implementation, duplicating inputs.