DocumentCode :
791071
Title :
Hollow-core waveguides and 2-D waveguide arrays for integrated optics of gases and liquids
Author :
Schmidt, Holger ; Yin, Dongliang ; Barber, John P. ; Hawkins, Aaron R.
Author_Institution :
Sch. of Eng., Univ. of California, USA
Volume :
11
Issue :
2
fYear :
2005
Firstpage :
519
Lastpage :
527
Abstract :
We present integrated antiresonant reflecting optical (ARROW) structures with hollow cores as a new paradigm for integrated optics with gases and liquids. ARROW waveguides with micrometer-sized hollow cores allow for single-mode propagation in low-index nonsolid core materials where conventional index guiding is impossible. Fabrication methods and considerations are described, and measurements of the core-size dependence of the waveguide loss are presented. We analyze the dependence of waveguide loss in hollow-core ARROW waveguides on polarization, shape, and wavelength. We propose two-dimensional hybrid device geometries using solid and nonsolid core ARROWs and show that they can form the basis of integrated fluorescence and Raman sensors. We derive the design principles for simultaneous low-loss propagation in both waveguides and efficient cross-coupling between waveguides.
Keywords :
fluorescence spectroscopy; integrated optics; optical arrays; optical couplers; optical design techniques; optical losses; optical sensors; optical waveguides; 2-D waveguide arrays; Raman sensors; fluorescence sensor; gaseous core; hollow core waveguides; integrated antiresonant reflecting optical waveguides; integrated optics; liquid core; waveguide cross-coupling; waveguide loss; Gases; Hollow waveguides; Integrated optics; Liquid waveguides; Optical arrays; Optical losses; Optical materials; Optical propagation; Optical sensors; Optical waveguides; Integrated optics; photonic crystals; sensors; waveguides;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
1077-260X
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/JSTQE.2005.845612
Filename :
1425491
Link To Document :
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