Taking the LOUVRE approach

This article presented landmark overlays for urban vehicular routing environments (LOUVRE), a density-based landmark overlay routing protocol for urban vehicular environments. We described the concept and the protocol as well as a novel distributed traffic density estimation scheme. We implemented the protocol in Qualnet and evaluated the feasibility of LOUVRE by comparing it with the benchmarks GPSR and GPCR protocols using realistic mobility traces. Results showed that due to improved visibility of the overlay network and the routing guarantees of the underlay network, LOUVRE provides a better packet delivery ratio and hop count than the benchmark protocols. Future work includes verifying the necessity of recovery mode and comparison with GyTAR and GSR.